@conference {Illi2022152,
	title = {On the Secrecy Analysis of a RIS-aided Wireless Communication System Subject to Phase Quantization Errors},
	booktitle = {2022 International Balkan Conference on Communications and Networking, BalkanCom 2022},
	year = {2022},
	note = {cited By 0},
	pages = {152-156},
	abstract = {In this paper, we analyze the physical layer security of a jamming-aided wireless communication system assisted by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). Our setup consists of a source node communicating with a destination node with the help of a RIS, and under the presence of a malicious passive eavesdropper attempting to overhear the genuine transmission. Furthermore, an external cooperative jammer is incorporated to reinforce the system{\textquoteright}s secrecy by broadcasting an artificial noise to disrupt the eavesdropper; such a noise can be removed at the destination. Finally, we assume that the tunable RIS phases based on the channel estimates are subject to quantization errors. By virtue of the well-adopted Gamma and Exponential distributions approximations, an approximate expression for the system{\textquoteright}s intercept probability (IP) is derived in terms of the main setup parameters. The results show that the greater the number of reflective elements (REs) and jamming power, the better the secrecy, while the number of quantization bits has less impact when exceeding 3 bits. In particular, an IP of 10-3 can be reached with 50 REs even when the legitimate link{\textquoteright}s average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is 15 dB below the wiretap channel{\textquoteright}s average SNR. Monte Carlo simulations endorse the derived analytical results. {\textcopyright} 2022 IEEE.},
	keywords = {Cooperative communication, Cooperative jamming, Destination nodes, Eavesdropping, Errors, Intelligent systems, Intercept probability, Jamming, Monte Carlo methods, Network layers, Phase quantization errors, Physical layer security, Probability distributions, Reconfigurable, Reconfigurable intelligent surface, Signal to noise ratio, Source nodes, Wireless communication system},
	doi = {10.1109/BalkanCom55633.2022.9900815},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85136129114\&doi=10.1109\%2fBalkanCom55633.2022.9900815\&partnerID=40\&md5=021859cbb6665cc6388da51264628ce6},
	author = {Illi, E. and Qaraqe, M.K. and El Bouanani, F. and Al-Kuwari, S.M.}
}
@article {Illi2021261,
	title = {Analysis of Asymmetric Dual-Hop Energy Harvesting-Based Wireless Communication Systems in Mixed Fading Environments},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking},
	volume = {5},
	number = {1},
	year = {2021},
	note = {cited By 3},
	pages = {261-277},
	abstract = {This work investigates the performance of a dual-hop energy harvesting-based fixed-gain amplify-and-forward relaying communication system, subject to fading impairments. We consider a source node ( {S} ) communicating with a destination node ( {D} ), either directly or through a fixed distant relay ( {R} ), which harvests energy from its received signals and uses it to amplify and forward the received signals to {D}. We also consider maximal-ratio combining at {D} to combine the signals coming from {S} and {R}. Both power-splitting and time-switching energy harvesting protocols are investigated. The {S}\,\,-\,\,{R} link is modeled by Nakagami- {m} fading model, while the {R}\,\,-\,\,{D} and {S}\,\,-\,\,{D} links experience \alpha - μ fading. Closed-form expressions for the statistical properties of the total signal-to-noise ratio are derived, based on which novel closed-form expressions are then derived for the average symbol error rate as well as for the average channel capacity, considering four different adaptive transmission policies. The derived expressions are validated through Monte Carlo simulations. {\textcopyright} 2017 IEEE.},
	keywords = {Adaptive transmission policy, Amplify-and-forward relaying, Average channel capacities, Average symbol error rate (SER), Channel capacity, Closed-form expression, Energy harvesting, Maximal ratio combining (MRC), Monte Carlo methods, Signal to noise ratio, Statistical properties, Wireless communication system},
	doi = {10.1109/TGCN.2020.3035512},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85103177403\&doi=10.1109\%2fTGCN.2020.3035512\&partnerID=40\&md5=8bfc86e88ca31e88a392a44a37280141},
	author = {Illi, E. and Bouanani, F.E. and Sofotasios, P.C. and Muhaidat, S. and Costa, D.B.D. and Ayoub, F. and Al-Fuqaha, A.}
}
@article {Saadaoui2021134998,
	title = {Information sharing based on local pso for uavs cooperative search of moved targets},
	journal = {IEEE Access},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2021},
	note = {cited By 3},
	pages = {134998-135011},
	abstract = {This paper proposes an optimization strategy for searching moving targets{\textquoteright} locations using cooperative unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in an unknown environment. Such a strategy aims at reducing the overall search time and impact of uncertainties caused by the motion of targets, as well as improving the detection efficiency of UAVs. Specifically, we report, based on the UAV{\textquoteright}s scan of a location and taking into account (i) the detection and communication coverage limitations, and (ii) either a false alarm or inaccurate detection of the target, either the existence or the absence of the target. Moreover, leveraging a cooperative and competitive particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, a decentralized target search model, relying on a real-time dynamic construction of cooperative UAV local sub-swarms (LoPSO), is proposed. Each sub-swarm strives to validate quickly the target location, updated based on the Bayesian theory. In such a strategy, each UAV operates in two flight modes, namely, either in swarm mode or in Greedy mode, and takes into consideration the received data from other UAVs to improve the overall environmental information. The simulation results revealed that the LoPSO outperforms other well-known searching methods of target methods for target search in unknown environments in terms of both performance and computational complexity. {\textcopyright} 2013 IEEE.},
	keywords = {Aircraft detection, Antennas, Cooperative search, Decision making, Decisions makings, Information sharing, Location, Moved target, Optimization strategy, Particle swarm optimization (PSO), Sub-swarms, Target location, Target search, Unknown environments, Unmanned aerial vehicle, Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)},
	doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3116919},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85117048719\&doi=10.1109\%2fACCESS.2021.3116919\&partnerID=40\&md5=9c295c1ff03ee777bc468333f6bc6f4e},
	author = {Saadaoui, H. and Bouanani, F.E. and Illi, E.}
}
@article {Illi202190,
	title = {Physical Layer Security of a Dual-Hop Regenerative Mixed RF/UOW System},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing},
	volume = {6},
	number = {1},
	year = {2021},
	note = {cited By 15},
	pages = {90-104},
	abstract = {Ensuring physical layer security is a crucial task in conventional and emerging communication systems, which are typically characterized by stringent quality of service and security requirements. This also accounts for wireless technologies in the context of the Internet of Things paradigm, which are expected to exhibit considerably increased computational complexity. Based on this, the present contribution investigates the secrecy outage performance of a dual-hop decode-and-forward (DF) mixed radio-frequency/underwater optical wireless communication (RF/UOWC) system. Such wireless network configurations are particularly useful in efficient and demanding scenarios, such as military communications. Therefore, our analysis considers one single-antenna source node (SS) communicating with one legitimate destination node (DD) via a DF relay node (RR) equipped with multiple antennas for reception. Particularly, the relay receives the incoming signal from SS via an RF link, applies selection-combining (SC) technique, fully decodes it, re-encodes it, and then forwards it to the destination via a UOWC link. The communication is performed under the eavesdropper{\textquoteright}s attempt to intercept the S-RS-R hop (RF side). In this context, a closed-form expression for the secrecy outage probability is derived along with a thorough asymptotic analysis in the high SNR regime, based on which the achievable diversity order is provided. The offered results provide useful insights on the impact of some key system and channel parameters on the secrecy outage performance, such as the number of eavesdroppers, the number of relay antennas, fading severity parameters of RF links, and water turbulence severity of the UOWC link. The conducted analysis shows that the secrecy outage probability is dominated only by the RR-DD link in the high SNR regime, regardless of the SS-RR parameters, such as the number of relay antennas and the average SNR at the relay branches. The offered analytic results are corroborated with respective results from computer simulations. Since these parameters are closely related with the computational complexity at the involved terminals, the offered insights are useful for the design and computationally sustainable operation of such systems. {\textcopyright} 2016 IEEE.},
	keywords = {Antenna sources, Antennas, Asymptotic analysis, Complex networks, Computational complexity, Cooperative communication, Decoding, Dual-hop relaying, Fading channels, Military communications, Network layers, Optical communication, Performances analysis, Physical layer security, Probability, Quality of service, Secrecy outage probabilities, Secrecy outages, Selection combining, Signal to noise ratio, Single antenna, Source nodes, Underwater optical wireless communication},
	doi = {10.1109/TSUSC.2019.2906545},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85098369882\&doi=10.1109\%2fTSUSC.2019.2906545\&partnerID=40\&md5=3021a37f73c102416a7e51dd6c971930},
	author = {Illi, E. and Bouanani, F.E. and Da Costa, D.B. and Sofotasios, P.C. and Ayoub, F. and Mezher, K. and Muhaidat, S.}
}
@article {Illi202013996,
	title = {On the Distribution of the Sum of M{\'a}laga-M Random Variables and Applications},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology},
	volume = {69},
	number = {11},
	year = {2020},
	note = {cited By 3},
	pages = {13996-14000},
	abstract = {In this paper, a very accurate approximation method for the statistics of the sum of M{\'a}laga-M random variates with pointing error (MRVs) is proposed. In particular, the probability density function of MRV is approximated by a Fox{\textquoteright}s H-function through the moment-based approach. Then, the respective moment-generating function of the sum of N MRVs is provided, based on which the average symbol error rate is evaluated for an N-branch maximal-ratio combining (MRC) receiver. The retrieved results show that the proposed approximate results match accurately with the exact simulated ones. Additionally, the results show that the achievable diversity order increases as a function of the number of MRC diversity branches. {\textcopyright} 1967-2012 IEEE.},
	keywords = {Approximate results, Approximation methods, Average symbol error rate (SER), Diversity order, Error statistics, Maximal ratio combining (MRC) receivers, Moment generating function, Pointing errors, Probability density function, Random variates},
	doi = {10.1109/TVT.2020.3025405},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85096323448\&doi=10.1109\%2fTVT.2020.3025405\&partnerID=40\&md5=983059a7dbdf860db83a81d1454d56fc},
	author = {Illi, E. and Bouanani, F.E. and Ayoub, F.}
}
@conference {Bouabdellah2020,
	title = {Hybrid Very High Throughput Satellites: Potential, Challenges, and Research Directions},
	booktitle = {2020 8th International Conference on Communications and Networking, ComNet2020 - Proceedings},
	year = {2020},
	note = {cited By 4},
	abstract = {Hybrid terrestrial-satellite transmission systems have been among hottest spots in the wireless communication industry due to the high demand for global high data rates. In such systems, free-space optical (FSO) technology is advocated for assessing the feeder links (ground-satellite) in order to fulfill high data rates requirements and provide a larger coverage in terms of the connected number of users. This paper gives an overview of various components of very-high throughput hybrid terrestrial-satellite communication system with an FSO feeder link, and Ka-band multibeam RF channels for the satellite ground link. In this survey paper, we depict the main communication challenges in the FSO side such as pointing error, turbulence, cloud blockage, and also the multibeam RF side such as spectrum scarcity, inter-beam interference, and security. Based on these challenges we point out some potential research directions. {\textcopyright} 2020 IEEE.},
	keywords = {Free-space optical, High data rate, High throughput, Inter-beam interference, Pointing errors, Potential researches, Power control, Satellite communication systems, Satellite links, Satellite transmission, Satellites, Wireless communications},
	doi = {10.1109/ComNet47917.2020.9306099},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100003768\&doi=10.1109\%2fComNet47917.2020.9306099\&partnerID=40\&md5=ab22ef8fab218cbdde68b99793a394e3},
	author = {Bouabdellah, M. and Illi, E. and Bouanani, F.E. and Alouini, M.-S.}
}
@conference {Illi2020,
	title = {On the Performance of Dual-Hop SWIPT-based Relaying System with Asymmetric Fading Conditions},
	booktitle = {3rd International Conference on Advanced Communication Technologies and Networking, CommNet 2020},
	year = {2020},
	note = {cited By 1},
	abstract = {This paper inspects the error rate and the capacity performance of a dual-hop energy harvesting (EH)-based fixed-gain amplify-and-forward relaying communication system, subject to fading impairments. We consider a source node (S) communicating with a destination node (D) via a relay node (R) equipped with a finite-size battery, which harvests energy from its received signal from S and uses it to power up its communication with D after amplification. Time-switching protocol is examined in the analysis for EH. In addition, the S-R and R-D hops are modeled by the Nakagami-m and $\alpha-μ$ fading models, respectively. A closed-form expression for the cumulative distribution function of the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio is derived, based on which novel exact and asymptotic closed-form formulas for the average symbol error rate and average channel capacity are derived. The derived expressions are validated through Monte Carlo simulations. {\textcopyright} 2020 IEEE.},
	keywords = {Amplify-and-forward relaying, Average channel capacities, Average symbol error rate (SER), Capacity performance, Closed-form expression, Cumulative distribution function, Destination nodes, Distribution functions, Energy harvesting, Fading conditions, Monte Carlo methods, Signal to noise ratio},
	doi = {10.1109/CommNet49926.2020.9199629},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85093673625\&doi=10.1109\%2fCommNet49926.2020.9199629\&partnerID=40\&md5=1ab8ab84fab283bfc9161c2765dfe41a},
	author = {Illi, E. and Bouanani, F.E. and Ayoub, F.}
}
@article {Illi2020,
	title = {A PHY layer security analysis of a hybrid high throughput satellite with an optical feeder link},
	journal = {IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2020},
	note = {cited By 8},
	abstract = {Hybrid terrestrial-satellite (HTS) communication systems have gained a tremendous amount of interest recently due to the high demand for global high data rates. Conventional satellite communications operate in the conventional Ku (12 GHz) and Ka (26.5-40 GHz) radio-frequency bands for assessing the feeder link, between the ground gateway and the satellite. Nevertheless, with the aim to provide hundreds of Mbps of throughput per each user, free-space optical (FSO) feeder links have been proposed to fulfill these high data rates requirements. In this paper, we investigate the physical layer security performance for a hybrid very high throughput satellite communication system with an FSO feeder link. In particular, the satellite receives the incoming optical wave from an appropriate optical ground station, carrying the data symbols of N users through various optical apertures and combines them using the selection combining technique. Henceforth, the decoded and regenerated information signals of the N users are zero-forcing (ZF) precoded in order to cancel the interbeam interference at the end-users. The communication is performed under the presence of malicious eavesdroppers nodes at both hops. Statistical properties of the signal-to-noise ratio of the legitimate and wiretap links at each hop are derived, based on which the intercept probability metric is evaluated. The derived results show that above a certain number of optical apertures, the secrecy level is not improved further. Also, the system{\textquoteright}s secrecy is improved using ZF precoding compared to the no-precoding scenario for some specific nodes{\textquoteright} positions. All the derived analytical expressions are validated through Monte Carlo simulations. {\textcopyright} 2021 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Analytical expressions, Feeding, Information signals, Inter-beam interference, Monte Carlo methods, Optical ground station, Physical layer, Physical layer security, Radio frequency bands, Satellite communication systems, Satellite communications, Satellites, Signal to noise ratio, Statistical properties},
	doi = {10.1109/OJCOMS.2020.2995327},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85098417335\&doi=10.1109\%2fOJCOMS.2020.2995327\&partnerID=40\&md5=2ca3d202a9febc6959808157b5759568},
	author = {Illi, E. and El Bouanani, F. and Ayoub, F. and Alouini, M.-S.}
}
@conference {Illi2019,
	title = {On the Secrecy Performance of Mixed RF/UOW Communication System},
	booktitle = {2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops, GC Wkshps 2018 - Proceedings},
	year = {2019},
	note = {cited By 1},
	doi = {10.1109/GLOCOMW.2018.8644314},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85055381999\&doi=10.1109\%2fGLOCOMW.2018.8644314\&partnerID=40\&md5=fc4e23b9414d6feaac033c613bdfb08f},
	author = {Illi, E. and Bouanani, F.E. and Da Costa, D.B. and Ayoub, F. and Dias, U.S.}
}
@article {Illi201855345,
	title = {Dual-hop mixed RF-UOW communication system: A PHY Security Analysis},
	journal = {IEEE Access},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {55345-55360},
	doi = {10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2870344},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85054276852\&doi=10.1109\%2fACCESS.2018.2870344\&partnerID=40\&md5=3402dea4c38b8cc6d781800616c3f6e5},
	author = {Illi, E. and El Bouanani, F. and Da Costa, D.B. and Ayoub, F. and Dias, U.S.}
}
@conference {Illi20181,
	title = {A high accuracy solver for RTE in underwater optical communication path loss prediction},
	booktitle = {Proceedings - 2018 International Conference on Advanced Communication Technologies and Networking, CommNet 2018},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {1-8},
	doi = {10.1109/COMMNET.2018.8360253},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048315000\&doi=10.1109\%2fCOMMNET.2018.8360253\&partnerID=40\&md5=12749d7368596843ee644e3a2d679eec},
	author = {Illi, E. and El Bouanani, F. and Ayoub, F.}
}
@conference {Illi2018112,
	title = {On the performance of mixed FSO-UOWC communication system with the presence of pointing error},
	booktitle = {ACM International Conference Proceeding Series},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {112-118},
	doi = {10.1145/3289100.3289119},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85058670470\&doi=10.1145\%2f3289100.3289119\&partnerID=40\&md5=fd9e1ae8efcae85f32f61992bed4ad8d},
	author = {Illi, E. and Bouanani, F.E. and Ayoub, F.}
}
@conference {Illi2017855,
	title = {Asymptotic analysis of underwater communication system subject to κ-μ Shadowed fading channel},
	booktitle = {2017 13th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC 2017},
	year = {2017},
	note = {cited By 0},
	pages = {855-860},
	abstract = {In this paper, a unified performance analysis of underwater wireless communication system is presented. The radio link between the source (S) and the destination (D) is subject to κ-μ shadowed fading channel. We present an analytical closed-form expression for the cumulative distribution function (CDF) and the probability density function (PDF) of the total end-to-end SNR in terms of the Kummer{\textquoteright}s Hypergeometric function. Based on these results, we present exact closed-form expressions of communication system performance criteria, such as outage probability (OP) and average bit/symbol error rate (ABER/ASER) with their respective asymptotic expansion, at both low and high SNR regimes, expressed in terms of basic elementary functions. All the derived analytical expressions are validated through computer-based simulation. {\textcopyright} 2017 IEEE.},
	doi = {10.1109/IWCMC.2017.7986397},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85027884347\&doi=10.1109\%2fIWCMC.2017.7986397\&partnerID=40\&md5=c5c5b9d26646e4c5a9f570c929975baf},
	author = {Illi, E. and El Bouanani, F. and Ayoub, F.}
}
@conference {Illi2017,
	title = {Performance analysis of dual-hop underwater communication system subject to κ-μ shadowed fading channel},
	booktitle = {2016 International Conference on Advanced Communication Systems and Information Security, ACOSIS 2016 - Proceedings},
	year = {2017},
	note = {cited By 1},
	abstract = {In this paper, a unified performance analysis of a dual-hop semi-blind amplify and forward relay over underwater wireless communication system is presented. Both RF links (Source-Relay (S-R) and Relay-Destination (R-D)), are modeled by independent and not necessarily identically distributed k shadowed fading channel. We derive an approximative closed form analytical expression for the cumulative distribution function (CDF) and the probability density function (PDF) of the total end-to-end SNR in terms of Kummer{\textquoteright}s Hypergeometric function. Based on these results, we present upper-bounded closed forms of communication systems performance criterion, such as outage probability and average bit/symbol error rate. All the derived analytical expressions are validated through computer-based simulation. {\textcopyright} 2016 IEEE.},
	doi = {10.1109/ACOSIS.2016.7843941},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85015177998\&doi=10.1109\%2fACOSIS.2016.7843941\&partnerID=40\&md5=beec34777a1490ccddd31b41f7105550},
	author = {Illi, E. and El Bouanani, F. and Ayoub, F.}
}
@conference {Illi201785,
	title = {Performance analysis of mixed RF/FSO communication system with the presence of pointing error using the MGF-based approach},
	booktitle = {ACM International Conference Proceeding Series},
	volume = {Part F130526},
	year = {2017},
	note = {cited By 0},
	pages = {85-92},
	abstract = {In this paper, we address a performance analysis of a dual-hop mixed communication system over both radio-frequency (RF) and free-space-optical (FSO) links with the presence of pointing error impairments. Our system model consists of two communication paths, and the receiver uses the MRC combining scheme to combine the received signals through these both links. The first optical link consists of a source (S) and a destination (D) nodes communicating through a relay node (R), which receives the incoming information-bearing signal and forwards it to the destination (i.e. detect-and- forward relaying (Det-F)). Both (S-R) and (R-D) hops are operating under FSO link subject to Malaga-M turbulence model with the presence of pointing error. The second link is a direct RF link, connecting the source (S) directly to the destination (D), and is assumed to be subject to Rayleigh fading channel. We present in this paper the exact closed-form expression of the moment-generating function (MGF) of the total end-to-end SNR. Based on this result, we derive successfully the average symbol error rate of our mixed RF/FSO communication system using the MGF-based approach, in terms of either univariate or bivariate Fox{\textquoteright}s H-Function. All these derived analytical results are validated through computer-based simulation. {\textcopyright} 2017 ACM.},
	doi = {10.1145/3128128.3128142},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85030319379\&doi=10.1145\%2f3128128.3128142\&partnerID=40\&md5=ab876fa37904a4cccc838e58b6d1376e},
	author = {Illi, E. and El Bouanani, F. and Ayoub, F.}
}
@conference {Illi2017,
	title = {A performance study of a hybrid 5G RF/FSO transmission system},
	booktitle = {Proceedings - 2017 International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications, WINCOM 2017},
	year = {2017},
	note = {cited By 0},
	abstract = {This work presents a study on the performance of a hybrid 5G RF/FSO communication system. Both transmitter and receiver communicate through two paths: the first link operates under Radio-Frequency (RF) technology, assumed to undergo a Weibull fading channel, while the second link operates under Free Space Optical (FSO) technology, subject to M{\'a}laga-Mturbulence model with the presence of pointing error impairment. Both incoming signals are combined at the receiver side using Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) technique. We retrieve, in particular, the Moment Generating Function (MGF) of the total Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Based on that, we present the exact closedform expression of the Average Symbol Error Rate (ASER) of the considered RF/FSO system for different modulations schemes in terms of the bivariate Fox{\textquoteright}s H-Function. {\textcopyright} 2017 IEEE.},
	doi = {10.1109/WINCOM.2017.8238167},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85041442507\&doi=10.1109\%2fWINCOM.2017.8238167\&partnerID=40\&md5=bd6592962b5b523d17722b84179ab4a4},
	author = {Illi, E. and El Bouanani, F. and Ayoub, F.}
}
