@conference {ElMejjatti2021, title = {A Magnetic Coupling-Based Technique for Buried Antenna{\textquoteright}s Frequency Adjustment in Wet Soil}, booktitle = {Proceedings - 4th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technologies and Networking, CommNet 2021}, year = {2021}, note = {cited By 0}, abstract = {Wireless Underground Sensor Networks for precision agriculture applications consist of wirelessly connected underground sensor nodes that communicate through the soil. Thus, the resonant frequency of the buried antenna depends on the soil{\textquoteright}s dielectric permittivity. In addition, the soil{\textquoteright}s volumetric water content in nature can vary unpredictably due to the weather conditions and irrigation, causing permittivity fluctuations and hence, frequency instability of deployed antennas. In this paper, we propose an inductive coupling-based technique allowing the self-adjustment of the buried loop antenna{\textquoteright}s resonant frequency subject to a wet soil environment. {\textcopyright} 2021 IEEE.}, keywords = {Agriculture applications, Antennae frequency, Dielectric permittivities, Electromagnetic coupling, Electromagnetic induction, Frequency adjustment, Inductive couplings, Inductive sensors, Loop antennas, Natural frequencies, Permittivity, Precision agriculture, Rectangular loop antenna, Sensor nodes, Soil volumetric water contents, Soils, Wet soil, Wireless underground sensor networks}, doi = {10.1109/CommNet52204.2021.9641968}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85124041273\&doi=10.1109\%2fCommNet52204.2021.9641968\&partnerID=40\&md5=45b6350d107ec8b65d5a9b1750c72d69}, author = {El Mejjatti, M. and Habbani, A. and El Bouanani, F.} } @article {Benjbara2021270, title = {Multipathing communication in heterogeneous ad hoc network}, journal = {Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing}, volume = {1184}, year = {2021}, note = {cited By 1}, pages = {270-278}, abstract = {Multipath routing is a solution that meets the requirements of existing systems (security, bandwidth, network lifetime, etc.). Currently, several studies are trying to apply and adapt the principle of multipath in several types of networks for benefiting from its advantages. The wireless network without infrastructure (ad hoc network) is more flexible and less expensive compared to other networks and uses in its turn the multipath routing in the communication between the devices to enhance its strengths. The ad hoc network regroups several categories of network, and each one has its own node characteristics and communication protocol. In most application areas based on new technologies, such as smart cities, precision agriculture, medicine, and others, we can find different types of ad hoc networks in the same architecture constituting a heterogeneous network. So, the heterogeneous ad hoc network (HAdN) appears and brings with it a new line of research concerning the common and compatible routing protocols inside this type of network. This article proposes a new multipath routing protocol version based on the OLSR standard ensuring the direct communication between the various HAdN components. The new protocol will initially be implemented in a specific network architecture consisting of MANET, VANET, and FANET. {\textcopyright} The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2021.}, keywords = {Agricultural robots, Application area, Direct communications, Existing systems, Heterogeneous ad-hoc networks, Heterogeneous networks, Internet protocols, Multi path routing, Multipath routing protocols, Network architecture, Network lifetime, Network routing, New protocol, Routing protocols, Vehicular ad hoc networks}, doi = {10.1007/978-981-15-5859-7_26}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85091906004\&doi=10.1007\%2f978-981-15-5859-7_26\&partnerID=40\&md5=6a83b101716d6edd1c858d6c7475f899}, author = {Benjbara, C. and Mouchfiq, N. and Habbani, A.} } @conference {Amraoui2017278, title = {Mobility quantification for MultiPoint Relays selection algorithm in Mobile Ad hoc Networks}, booktitle = {International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems -Proceedings}, year = {2017}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {278-283}, abstract = {In Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs), with Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) the mobility concept is an essential element which can result in the evolution of network performances. In this paper, the main objective is to develop an algorithm to improve the MultiPoint Relay (MPR) selection process in such networks. This algorithm is based on the Mobility Rate (MR) which in turn is relied on the relative velocity of nodes. Additionally, in this algorithm, each node keeps a mobility rate record of other nodes. Moreover, this mobility value will be exchanged between nodes using OLSR messages (HELLO and Topology control (TC)). Furthermore, this value will be used as a criterion when a node chooses their MPR set. In addition, the simulation results using Network Simulator 3 (NS3) have shown that the mobility concept could improve network performances in terms of the throughput, packet received, packet loss, packet delivery ratio and packet forwarded. Moreover, and through this paper the proposed algorithm can be used as a functional mobility mechanism to improve network performances in MANETs. {\textcopyright} 2016 IEEE.}, doi = {10.1109/ICMCS.2016.7905672}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85019077851\&doi=10.1109\%2fICMCS.2016.7905672\&partnerID=40\&md5=72838ebe1c1b4730920daf92d4fc133c}, author = {Amraoui, H. and Habbani, A. and Hajami, A.} } @conference {ElMejjatti201764, title = {Moisture vulnerability of antenna operation in UHF band}, booktitle = {ACM International Conference Proceeding Series}, volume = {Part F130526}, year = {2017}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {64-68}, abstract = {Behavior of the propagation medium in reaction with electromagnetic fields is described by its dielectric permittivity; this electric property is a function of the physical characteristics of the medium and those of the propagating wave. Among the parameters, which considerably affect the dielectric permittivity of a medium, its water content. In fact, when the snow wetness varies from 0 to 50\% in the melting layer, real part of the mixture permittivity varies from 1.47 to 5.86. Similarly, when soil moisture varies from 0 to 40\% real and imaginary parts of effective permittivity of soil, air and water mixture vary from 4.13 to 24.85 and from 0 to 3.44 respectively. This dynamism in the permittivity as a function of the humidity is able to alter the efficiency of the antenna within the application. In this paper, we propose a study to analyze the impact of wetness on the performance of a dipole antenna with central frequency of 900 MHz. The study was carried out by simulating the behavior of the dipole antenna model in Finite Element Method (FEM) full wave simulator with different values of the water content of two propagation mediums: melting layer and soil. Simulation results concerning the resonant frequency, bandwidth, directivity are presented through paragraphs of the paper. {\textcopyright} 2017 Association for Computing Machinery.}, doi = {10.1145/3128128.3128138}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85030317231\&doi=10.1145\%2f3128128.3128138\&partnerID=40\&md5=e989fe7cf53281bbd496b02834b4ced0}, author = {El Mejjatti, M. and Habbani, A. and Essaid, B. and Amraoui, H.} } @conference {Benjbara201714, title = {Multi-path routing protocol in the Smart Digital Environment}, booktitle = {ACM International Conference Proceeding Series}, volume = {Part F130526}, year = {2017}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {14-18}, abstract = {During the last decade, the smart digital environment has become one of the most scientific challenges that occupy scientists and researchers. This new environment consists basically of smart connected products including three main parts: the physical mechanical/electrical product, the smart part of the product made from embedded software and human machine interface, and finally the connectivity part including antennas and routing protocols insuring the wired/wireless communication with other products, from our side, we are involved in the implementation of the latter part by developing a routing protocol that will meet the increasingly demanding requirements of today{\textquoteright}s systems (security, bandwidth, network lifetime, ...). Based on the researches carried out in other fields of application such as MANETS, multi-path routing fulfills our expectations. In this article, the MPOLSR protocol was chosen as an example, comparing its standard version and its improvements in order to choose the best solution that can be applied in the smart digital environment. {\textcopyright} 2017 Association for Computing Machinery.}, doi = {10.1145/3128128.31281311}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85030312348\&doi=10.1145\%2f3128128.31281311\&partnerID=40\&md5=b5569466aa21263fd475715c608fad74}, author = {Benjbara, C. and Habbani, A. and El Mahdi, F. and Essaid, B.} } @article {Belaoud201285, title = {Mobile networks migration towards NGN}, journal = {Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology}, volume = {36}, number = {1}, year = {2012}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {85-91}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84857179051\&partnerID=40\&md5=e4d7df56d5dbc346177de55798050977}, author = {Belaoud, H. and Habbani, A. and El Abbadi, J.} } @conference {Oubaha2010, title = {Multi-criteria path optimization in MPLS networks}, booktitle = {2010 5th International Symposium on I/V Communications and Mobile Networks, ISIVC 2010}, year = {2010}, note = {cited By 0}, doi = {10.1109/ISVC.2010.5656215}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78651476901\&doi=10.1109\%2fISVC.2010.5656215\&partnerID=40\&md5=80d2db09aa1ec387e76a137bf94a9e0f}, author = {Oubaha, J. and Habbani, A. and Elkoutbi, M.} }